Internal-combustion engine.



\ RIFOREST. l

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. vAPPLIMTION FILED SBF120, 1910."

Patented Jan. 30,- 191.2.

s SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. FOREST.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

I l 'APPLICATION PILBD SEPT. zo, 1910. Patented Jn. 30 19.12;

3 SHEETS-*SHEET 2.v

W/ :fn/ESS ES F. FQRBST. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. 'A APPLICATION FILED SBPTL 20, 1910,

s SHEETS-SHEET s.'

Patend Jan. 30, i1912..

EERNAND EonEsT, or' SURESNES, EEANCE.

INTERNAL-connusfrron ENGINE. l

Application tiled September 20, Serial No. 582,846.

To all whomz't may concern.'

Be it known that I, FERNAND FOREST, ay

citizen of the French Republic, residing at 40h Rue Jean-JacquesV Rousseau, Suresnes, Seine, France, have `invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Com'- bustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the application to internal combustion engines of anexplosive mixture. distributer, having a short stroke and large ports, which is independent of the movement of the piston, and moves in the 'interior of the cylinder, in the upper part of the latter.

The invent`on relates likewise to a special mode of constructing the head of the cylinder, for the purpose of enabling the dlstribution to be applied and protecting the latter from the excessively violent eHects of the explosion.

With this systemot' distribution a single cam is em `loyed for controlling the admission and tne. exhaust for each cylinder.

The accompanying drawings illustrate a form of the invention in the case of a multicylinder engine,'(the drawing showing only one cylinder of the engine).

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the cylin-' der. Fig; 2 is a partial vert-ical section (perpendicular to the preceding one) of the upper part of the cylinder. Figs. 3 and 4 are a plan and an elevation respectively ot the distributer. Fi s 5, 6, 7, and 8 are diagrammatic illustrations of the position' of the distributer at the commencement of each rof the strokes of the four stroke cycle.

In these drawings 1 is the cylinder, comprising a water-jacket 2." The cooling water circulates in the usual manner, in the spaces 3. As will be seen particularly t'rom Fig. 1, the upper portion of the cylinder is bored with a larger diameter in the part a b. This part is intended to receive the distrihuter 5 which is about to be described.

The cylinder 1 is closed at. the top by the head G completed by the cover 7, as will be mentioned hereafter. In this head 6' a chamber 3 is formed for the circulation' of the cooling water.

The distributer 5 which is illustrated separately in Figs. 3 and it consists of an annular l the external diameter ot which is that i .te c slinder 1 in the part a. t), and its interior arca exactly that ot the ring l in the pari. intended for receirin(l1 the piston.

Over a portion ofthe diameter of the cylinder that Aforms the distributer is acrosspiece 5 formingv part with the actual distributer 5 and with its controlling rod 5.

In the cylinder head 6 a chamber 8 is diametrically*arranged, which is intended for receiving the v cross-head 5 of the distributer.

In order to mount the distributer, the rod 'of the latter isV introduced into the sleeve 6 of the head 6, which is easily eiected, the head 'being 4detached romthe cylinder andthe cover 7 removed. Ot course the d istributer 1s arranged in such a manner thatl the cross-head 5 comes into the recess 8 in the head. The cover 7 the exterior diameter of which is that of the interior of the cylinder and is fixed to the'head by screws@- 9, can 'then be put on. The cover 7 is provided onl its circumference with a segment 10 for insuring `tightness. Nothing thus remains but to mount the head on the cylinder in the ordinary'way, an operation which is effected very easily, 'thedistributeroccu- 'Dying its seating a As will be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, the crosshead 5 of the distributer is inclosed, after this mounting-has vbeen eiected, in the recess 8 formed in the lower part of the cover 7 The dimensions ot' these parts are determined so that asmall space is leftI between the lower face of the cross-'head 5 and the upper face of the cover 7. In this manner the effects of the explosion acting on the cover 7 are not transmit-- ted to the cross-head 5 ot' the-distributer.

Inthe lower part of the distributer 5 a certain number of extended openings are formed. Corresponding openingsv 12--13 are formed in' the cylinder 1. The opening 12 in the cylinder serves `for theadmission ot the carbureted mixture entering through the pipe 1st. The openingv 13 serves for the discharge of the exhaustgases through the pipe 1. The openings 12 and 13 are not placed at the same lerel. In these circumstances it is easy to understand that, ac cordingly as the distributer 5 has reached. a higher or lower point in its course, the openings 11, in the said d-istributer come opposite the admission openingr 12 or theexhaus't casc,'the cylinder is closed' `(during comy pression and working). I n y The displacement of the dlstriiuiter for each cylinder 1s controlled by a .single-nain 16 which, in the case of multi-@Vlinder m05y tors, is placed at the top of the cylinders, and, in the case ofsingl cylinder motors is mounted in the lower part, and is driven at half the speed of the crank shaft. The rod 5 of the distributer is connected with the lever 17 thatpivots around the shaft 18 and which carries at its other end a roller 19 pressed against the cam 1G by the spring 20; As the cam 16 rotates in the direction of the arrow f it is easy to understand that when it occupies the position shown in Fig. 5, the admission is about to begin, the openings 1l in the distributer coming opposite the orifice l2 in the cylinder. The admission continues as long as t-he part E-A of the cam is passing over the roller 10. As the cam continues rotating, the part A-C passes over the roller, and the distributer is in the position shown in Fig. 6. 'In this position the admission and exhaust openings are closed. The cylinder thus is closed and the gases are compressed. When the compression is ended, the ignition is eileeted in the usual manner by the sparking plug 21 (or by any other igniting device) and the explosion takes place. During the third phase the cani rotates from C to T. The openings 1&2 and. 13 are covered during this third phase (Fig. 7).- Finally, when the piston is at the lowest point of its course and is about to ascend (fourth phaseexhaust) the part E of the cam 16 passes over the roller 19 and the distributer takes the position shown in Fig. 8. In this position the opening 13 is opposite the corresponding opening 1l in the distributer and consequently, the cylnder is placed in communication with the eX- haust pipe. The exhaust gases can then be discharged, and a ne'w cycle begun.

As will be seen, the application of the distributer forming the subject mat-ter 'of the invention, enables the values usually employed in explosion motors to be dispensed with, and 'only requires for controlling it, a single cam, which effects the'admission and the exhaust by means of a very powerful and extremely simple mechanical device.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In internal combustion engines, in coinbination, a. cylinder comprising an upper iortion of larger diameter than the normai ore of the cylinder, said Icylinder being provided with inlet and outlet ports communi eating with said enlarged upper portion, an annu ar dlstributer reciprocatingly mounted within said enlarged upper portion and provided with openings adapted to'move into and out of registry with said ports depending upon the position of the distributer relative to the cylinder, means operatively connected to said distributer and actuated by the engine for reciprocating said distributer, and means for protecting said last mentioned means from the ett'ects ofl the eXplosion of the gases Within the cylinder.

2. In internal combustion engines, in combination, a l cylinder comprising an upper portion of larger diameter than the normal bore of the cylinder, said cylinder being provided with inlet and outlet ports communieating with said enlarged upper portion, an annular distributer reciprocatingly mounted within said enlarged upper portion and provided with openings adapted to move into and out oi registry with said ports depending upon the position of the distributer relative te the cylinder, a crosshead, means operatively connected with said crosshead and .actuated by the engine for reciprocating said distributer, and means positioned within said cylinder to protect said crosshead from the effects of the explosion of the gases Within the cylinder.

3. In internal combustion engines, in combination, `a cylinder comprising an upper portion of larger diameter than the normal. bore of the cylinder, said cylinder being provided with inlet and outlet ports communieating with said enlarged upper portion, an annular distributor within said enlarged upper portion and provided with openings adapted to move into and out of registry with said ports depending upon the position of the distributer relative to the cylinder, a crosshead, means operatively connected with said crosshead and actuated by the engine for reciprocating said distributor, said cylinder being provided with a head having a groove within which said crosshead'is adaptedrto reciprocate and a cover secured to the inner sur# face of said head and extending over said groove whereby said crosshead will be proh tected from the effects of the explosion of the gases Within the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have atiixedmy- Copies et this patentvmay be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing me Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, ZD. C. i

reciprocatingly mounted 

